DEXplosion: Unleashing the Power of Decentralized Exchanges
Jeff Yan explains how building a custom, non-general-purpose L1 enabled Hyperliquid to put a full order book on-chain and eliminate MEV.
In this Token2049 Singapore panel, Jeff Yan discusses Hyperliquid's strategic decision to abandon general-purpose rollups like Arbitrum in favor of a custom-built Layer 1 blockchain. He explains how this architecture allows for a fully on-chain order book with 20,000 TPS, eliminating the need for centralized sequencers or off-chain matching engines. Yan also highlights the success of the HLP (Hyperliquidity Provider) vault, which democratizes market making by allowing users to provide protocol liquidity, reinforcing Hyperliquid's ethos as the 'people's DEX.'
Key quotes (8)
“We like to think of it as sort of uh the brand as like the people's DEX, so we try to bring the ethos of crypto to uh decentralized perps trading.” [01:16]
“Instead of DMMs and uh other market makers with special privileges, we let uh users come in and provide protocol liquidity um bootstrapping it.” [01:34]
“If you wanted to place and cancel an order and you needed to like sign something each time and like 10% of the time it like bugs out, like that's just like not acceptable behavior.” [06:27]
“We built an L1 that is um custom built for Hyperliquid, the Hyperliquid L1. So it doesn't, it's not general purpose, it doesn't support smart contracts. It really just runs this state machine that is the DEX.” [12:18]
“Because it's so custom built and optimized, it has the throughput uh you know 20,000 transactions per second, can easily be pushed by another factor of up to 10 I think if push comes to shove.” [12:31]
Novel insights (4)
- Hyperliquid initially attempted to build on Arbitrum but pivoted to a custom L1 during the testnet phase because general-purpose rollups couldn't support their specific performance needs.
- The custom Hyperliquid L1 intentionally does not support general smart contracts; it functions purely as a state machine dedicated to running the DEX, which allows it to reach 20,000 TPS.
- By building a custom L1, Hyperliquid can bake exchange-specific functions directly into the consensus layer, such as having validators handle liquidations automatically rather than relying on user-triggered transactions.
- Hyperliquid's HLP vault generated nearly $1 million in PnL within its first four months by allowing regular users to bootstrap protocol liquidity instead of relying on privileged market makers.
Visual elements (4)
- The video consists of a standard multi-person panel discussion on a stage at Token2049 Singapore.
- A large blue backdrop displays 'TOKEN2049 SINGAPORE' and the sponsor logo 'CROSS FINANCE'.
- An introductory slide at 0:05 shows the panel title 'DEXplosion: Unleashing the Power of Decentralized Exchanges' along with the headshots, names, and affiliations of the moderator and three panelists.
- No charts, slides, or on-screen graphics are presented during the actual discussion.